快樂小藥師 Im pharmacist nichts glücklich

在懷孕前以及懷孕時喝酒會造成孩子一輩子身體、行為、以及心智上的問題。

美國聯邦衛生官員表示，有超過3百萬名美國婦女讓她們的嬰兒暴露在酒精的風險之下。
　　
　　估計有330萬名15-44歲性行為活躍的女性喝酒且不避孕。根據美國疾病管制預防中心的報告顯示，四分之三想要懷孕的女性在沒有避孕時，並未停止喝酒。
　　
　　研究人員表示，他們認為有2-5％的孩子有胎兒酒精綜合症(FASDs)，這種是由酒精造成失能的疾病，不清楚在懷孕的任何階段可以喝多少酒精才是安全的，不管是啤酒還是紅酒。
　　
　　這種疾病造成智商較低、學習與功能性困難、以及可能對心臟、大腦以及其他重要器官有害。
　　
　　資料來源：http://www.24drs.com/
　　
　　Native link：Pregnant Women Put Babies at Risk With Alcohol

"Alcohol can permanently harm a developing baby before a woman knows she is pregnant," CDC Principal Deputy Director Dr. Anne Schuchat, said during a media briefing.

"We think 2 to 5 percent of children may have a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder," she said. "We believe that up to 5 percent of American schoolchildren may have a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

"We realize that women do not drink during pregnancy to intentionally hurt their babies," Schuchat added. "They are either not aware of the risk or they need help to stop drinking."

The disabilities caused by alcohol are called fetal alcohol spectrum disorders -- FASDs. No known amount of alcohol is safe to drink during any stage of pregnancy -- beer and wine included, the CDC says.

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders are the leading cause of preventable mental retardation and are 100 percent avoidable if a woman does not drink alcohol during pregnancy, according to the U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).

Each year an estimated 40,000 babies are born in the United States with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, making it more common than autism. These disorders result in lower IQ, difficulty learning and functioning, and possible damage to the heart, brain and other vital organs, SAMHSA says.

For the new CDC report, agency researchers used data from the 2011-2013 National Survey of Family Growth.

To prevent fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, the CDC advises that doctors tell women who want to get pregnant to stop drinking alcohol as soon as they stop taking birth control. Since most women don't know they're pregnant until four to six weeks into their pregnancy, they could be exposing their developing baby to alcohol, the agency says.

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SOURCES: Feb. 2, 2016, media briefing with Anne Schuchat, M.D., principal deputy director, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Feb. 2, 2016, report, Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies -- United States, 2011-2013

Vital Signs: Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies — United States, 2011–2013