快樂小藥師 Im pharmacist nichts glücklich

Drug

Type

Indication

COX isoform selectivity

Comments

Aceclofenac

Phenylacetate

RA, OA, AS

Acemetacin

Indole ester

RD, OA, MS, PO

Ester of indometacin

Aspirin

Salicylate

Weakly COX-1 selective

Mainly cardiovascular usage alone

Component of many OTC preparations

Azapropazone

Pyrazolone

RD, AS, G

Used when other drugs have failed

Severe gastrointestinal effects

Celecoxib

Coxib

RA, OA, AS, H&M

Moderately COX-2 selective

Fewer gastrointestinal effects

Dexibruprofen

Propionate

OA, MS, D, H&M

Active enantiomer of ibuprofen

Dexketoprofen

Propionate

PO, D, H&M

Isomer of ketoprofen

Diclofenac

Phenylacetate

RA, OA, G, MS, PO

Weakly COX-2 selective

Moderate potency

Etodolac

Pyranocarboxylate

RA, OA

Possibly fewer gastrointestinal effects

Etoricoxib

Coxib

RA, OA, G

Very COX-2 selective

Fenbufen

Propionate

RA, OA, MS

Fenoprofen

Propionate

RA, OA, MS, PO

Non-selective

Prodrug activated in liver

Flurbiprofen

Propionate

RA, OA, MS, PO, D, H&M

Very COX-1 selective

Ibuprofen

Propionate

RA, OA, MS, PO, D, H&M

Weakly COX-1 selective

Suitable for children

Indometacin

Indole

RA, OA, G, MS, PO, D

Weakly COX-1 selective

Suitable for moderate to severe disease

Ketoprofen

Propionate

RA, OA, G, MS, PO

Suitable for mild disease

Ketorolac

Pyrrolizine

PO

Highly COX-1 selective

Mefenamic acid

Fenamate

RA, OA, PO, D

Moderate activity

Meloxicam

Oxicam

RA, OA, AS

Possibly fewer gastrointestinal effects

Nabumetone

Naphthylalkenone

RA, OA

Prodrug activated in liver

Naproxen

Propionate

RA, OA, G, MS, PO, D

Weakly COX-1 selective

Parecoxib

Coxib

PO

Prodrug activated in liver

Piroxicam

Oxicam

RA, OA, G, MS, PO

Weakly COX-2 selective

Sulindac

Indene

RA, OA, G, MS

Weakly COX-2 selective

Prodrug

Tenoxicam

Oxicam

RA, OA, MS

Tiaprofenic acid

Propionate

RA, OA, MS

Tolfenamic acid

Fenamate

H&M

AS, ankylosing spondylitis; D, dysmenorrhoea; G, acute gout; H&M, headache and migraine; MS, musculoskeletal injuries and pain; OA, osteoarthritis; OTC, over-the-counter; PO, postoperative pain; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.

(Data from British National Formulary and Warner T D, Mitchell J A 2004 FASEB J 18: 790-804.)