美國食品藥品管理局（FDA）發布安全性警示公告稱，一項安全性臨床試驗的初步結果表明，與別嘌醇相比，抗痛風藥非布司他（febuxostat，商品名Uloric）可能增加心臟相關性死亡的風險。
美國食品和藥物管理局（FDA）已經得出結論，結果顯示，總體而言，與allopurinol相比，Uloric並未增加這些聯合事件的風險）。然而，當結果被單獨評估時，Uloric顯示出與所有原因相關的心臟相關死亡和死亡的風險增加。在接受Uloric治療的患者中，每1000名接受治療一年的患者中有15例因心臟相關原因死亡，而使用allopurinol治療一年的心臟相關原因導致11例死亡。此外，每1000名接受Uloric治療的患者中有26人死於任何原因，而使用allopurinol治療一年的患者中有22人死亡。
這一結論是基於安全性臨床試驗結果的深入回顧，該試驗發現Uloric引起的與心臟相關的死亡和死亡風險增加。
因此，FDA提出盒裝警告，將Uloric的批准用途限制在某些未經有效治療或患有allopurinol嚴重副作用的患者身上。
[2-21-2019] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has concluded there is an increased risk of death with Uloric (febuxostat) compared to another gout medicine, allopurinol. This conclusion is based on our in-depth review of results from a safety clinical trial that found an increased risk of heart-related death and death from all causes with Uloric.
As a result, we are updating the Uloric prescribing information to require a Boxed Warning, our most prominent warning, and a new patient Medication Guide. We are also limiting the approved use of Uloric to certain patients who are not treated effectively or experience severe side effects with allopurinol.
Uloric was FDA-approved in 2009 to treat a type of arthritis called gout in adults. Gout happens when a naturally occurring substance in the body called uric acid builds up and causes sudden attacks of redness, swelling, and pain in one or more joints. Uloric works by lowering uric acid levels in the blood. Gout is a chronic disease that affects approximately 8.3 million adults in the U.S.1 The number of medicines to treat gout is limited and there is an unmet need for treatments for this disease.
Patients should tell your health care professional if you have a history of heart problems or stroke and discuss the benefits and risks of using Uloric to treat your gout. Seek emergency medical attention right away if you experience the following symptoms while taking Uloric:
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat
- Numbness or weakness on one side of your body
- Dizziness
- Trouble talking
- Sudden severe headache
Do not stop taking Uloric without first talking to your health care professional, as doing so can worsen your gout.
Health care professionals should reserve Uloric for use only in patients who have failed or do not tolerate allopurinol. Counsel patients about the cardiovascular risk with Uloric and advise them to seek medical attention immediately if they experience the symptoms listed above.
When we approved Uloric in 2009, we included a Warning and Precaution regarding possible cardiovascular events in patients treated with Uloric in the current prescribing information and required the drug manufacturer, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, to conduct a large postmarket safety clinical trial. The trial was conducted in more than 6,000 patients with gout treated with either Uloric or allopurinol. The primary outcome was a combination of heart-related death, non-deadly heart attack, non-deadly stroke, and a condition of inadequate blood supply to the heart requiring intervention, called unstable angina.
The results showed that overall, Uloric did not increase the risk of these combined events compared to allopurinol (See Data Summary). However, when the outcomes were evaluated separately, Uloric showed an increased risk of heart-related deaths and death from all causes. In patients treated with Uloric, 15 deaths from heart-related causes were observed for every 1,000 patients treated for a year compared to 11 deaths from heart-related causes per 1,000 patients treated with allopurinol for a year. In addition, there were 26 deaths from any cause per 1,000 patients treated for a year with Uloric compared to 22 deaths per 1,000 patients treated for a year with allopurinol. This safety trial was also discussed at a public Advisory Committee meeting of outside experts on January 11, 2019.
08-22-2018 Update
FDA has received the results of the Cardiovascular Safety of Febuxostat and Allopurinol in Patients with Gout and Cardiovascular Morbidities (CARES) trial and is conducting a comprehensive review. We will also convene an advisory committee meeting of external experts in early 2019 to discuss these trial results and our review. We will update the public after the advisory committee meeting.
[ 11-15-2017 ] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is alerting the public that preliminary results from a safety clinical trial show an increased risk of heart-related death with febuxostat (Uloric) compared to another gout medicine called allopurinol. We required the Uloric drug manufacturer, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, to conduct this safety study when we approved the medicine in 2009. Once we receive the final results from the manufacturer, we will conduct a comprehensive review and will update the public with any new information.
Febuxostat is FDA-approved to treat a type of arthritis called gout in adults. Gout happens when a naturally occurring substance in the body called uric acid builds up and causes sudden attacks of redness, swelling, and pain in one or more joints. Febuxostat works by lowering uric acid levels in the blood.
Health care professionals should consider this safety information when deciding whether to prescribe or continue patients on febuxostat. Patients should talk to your health care professionals if you have any questions or concerns. Do not stop taking your medicine without first consulting with your health care professional.
The febuxostat drug labels already carry a Warning and Precaution about cardiovascular events because the clinical trials conducted before approval showed a higher rate of heart-related problems in patients treated with febuxostat compared to allopurinol. These problems included heart attacks, strokes, and heart-related deaths. As a result, we required an additional safety clinical trial after the drug was approved and on the market to better understand these differences, and that trial was finished recently.
The safety trial was conducted in over 6,000 patients with gout treated with either febuxostat or allopurinol. The primary outcome was a combination of heart-related death, non-deadly heart attack, non-deadly stroke, and a condition of inadequate blood supply to the heart requiring urgent surgery. The preliminary results show that overall, febuxostat did not increase the risk of these combined events compared to allopurinol. However, when the outcomes were evaluated separately, febuxostat showed an increased risk of heart-related deaths and death from all causes.
We are continuing to evaluate this safety issue and will update the public when we have more information. We urge health care professionals and patients to report side effects involving febuxostat or other medicines to the FDA MedWatch program, using the information in the “Contact FDA” box at the bottom of the page.
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