2011年5月新藥小簡介－快樂小藥師 Im pharmacist nichts glücklich

今年已經過五個月了，讓我們來回顧一下，前一個月多了哪些新東西吧：

Adenovirus Type 4 and Type 7 Vaccine, Live Oral
1. immunization[17-50 yo]：Dose: 1 dose PO x1; Info: 1 dose = 1 adenovirus type 4 tab + 1 adenovirus type 7 tab; Info: do not cut/crush/chew
2. Mechanism of Action：exact mechanism of action unknown; virus replicates in GI tract and induces antibody formation
Aqua-Ban（pamabrom）
1. Uses：methylxanthine stimulant for promoting diuresis
2. Dosing（adults）：[ oral tablet ]Dose: 1 tab PO qid prn; Max: 4 tabs/24h
Arbinoxa（carbinoxamine）
1. Adult Dosingallergic rhinitis
  [4-8 mg PO tid-qid]
  Max: 24 mg/day; Info: give on empty stomach
  urticaria
  [4-8 mg PO tid-qid]
  Max: 24 mg/day; Info: give on empty stomach
  allergic rxns
  [4-8 mg PO tid-qid]
  Max: 24 mg/day; Info: give on empty stomach
2. Pregnancy: C
3. Mechanism of Action
  antagonizes central and peripheral H1 receptors (non-selective antihistamine)
Cuvposa（glycopyrrolate）
1. Peds Dosing .
  Dosage forms: 1/5 mL
  drooling, chronic severe
  [3-16 yo]
  Dose: 0.02-0.1 mg/kg PO tid; Start: 0.02 mg/kg PO tid, may incr. 0.02 mg/kg q5-7 days; Max: 0.1 mg/kg tid, 1.5-3 mg/dose; Info: for pts w/ neurologic conditions assoc. w/ problem drooling; give >1h before or 2h after meals
2. Mechanism of Action
  antagonizes acetylcholine receptors on salivary glands, reducing salivation (anticholinergic)
Lustra-AF（hydroquinone topical）
1. hyperpigmentation
  [apply bid]
  Info: for dyschromia assoc. w/ OCPs, pregnancy, HRT, trauma; test skin sensitivity before use; contains glycolic acid, sunscreen
2. Pregnancy: C
3. Mechanism of Action
  suppresses melanocyte metabolic processes
Pramosone E（hydrocortisone/ pramoxine topical）
1. Adult Dosing .
  Dosage forms: 2.5%/1% crm
  
  dermatoses, pruritic steroid-responsive
  [apply tid-qid]
  *hemorrhoids
  [apply tid-qid]
  Info: apply after bowel movement; for external use
2. Pregnancy: C
Sylatron（peginterferon alfa 2b）
1. Adult Dosing .
  Dosage forms: SC
  
  Special Note
  [uses, dosing may vary]
  Info: refer to institution protocols and pkg insert prior to prescribing and for toxicity-related dose adjustments
  melanoma, adjuvant tx
  [3 mcg/kg SC qwk for up to 5y]
  Start: 6 mcg/kg SC qwk x 8 doses; Info: premed w/ acetaminophen for 1st dose and as needed for subsequent doses
2. Pregnancy: C
3. Monitoring Parameters
  LFTs at 2wk, 8wk, and 3mo after tx start, then continue q6mo; TFTs w/in 4wk prior to tx start, then q3mo x2, then continue q6mo; ECG at baseline if cardiac dz, then periodically; ophthal. exams at baseline if retinopathy; s/sx depression or psychiatric dz q3wk x2, then q6mo during tx and continue at least 6mo after D/C
4. Mechanism of Action
  exact mechanism of action in melanoma unknown; exhibits antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects
Tetanus/ Diphtheria Toxoids (Td)
1. immunization
  [primary]
  Dose: 0.5 mL IM x2 doses 4-8wk apart, then 0.5 mL IM x1 dose 6-12mo after prior dose; Info: if hx Arthus-type hypersens. rxn w/ tetanus toxoid, give tetanus doses incl. emergency doses >10y apart; see Vaccinations, Adult table for schedule and target populations; common name Td
  [booster]
  Dose: 0.5 mL IM q10y; Info: Tdap vaccine should replace next booster dose if no prior Tdap; give booster for tetanus-prone wound if no tetanus toxoid-containing vaccine in last 5y; if hx Arthus-type hypersens. rxn w/ tetanus toxoid, give tetanus doses incl. emergency doses >10y apart; see Vaccinations, Adult table for schedule and target populations; common name Td
2. Dosage forms: IM
Zegerid OTC（omeprazole/ sodium bicarbonate）
1. Pregnancy: [C]
2. Mechanism of Action: omeprazole inhibits gastric parietal cell hydrogen-potassium ATPase (proton pump inhibitor); sodium bicarbonate increases gastric pH, enhancing absorption of omeprazole (antacid)
3. [active ingredients per cap]
  omeprazole 20 mg; sodium bicarbonate 1100 mg