Prediction of Compensatory Responses on Simple Acid-Base Disturbances
Disorder
Prediction of Compensation
Metabolic acidosis
PaCO2 = (1.5 ´ HCO3-) + 8
 
or
 
PaCO2 will ¯ 1.25 mmHg per mmol/L ¯ in [HCO3-]
 
or
 
PaCO2 = [HCO3-] + 15
Metabolic alkalosis
PaCO2 will ↑ 0.75 mmHg per mmol/L ↑ in [HCO3-]
 
or
 
PaCO2 will ↑ 6 mmHg per 10 mmol/L ↑ in [HCO3-]
 
or
 
PaCO2 = [HCO3-] + 15
Respiratory alkalosis
 
  Acute
[HCO3-] will ¯ 2 mmol/L per 10 mmHg ¯ in PaCO2
  Chronic
[HCO3-] will ¯ 4 mmol/L per 10 mmHg ¯ in PaCO2
Respiratory acidosis
 
  Acute
[HCO3-] will ↑ 1 mmol/L per 10 mmHg ↑ in PaCO2
  Chronic
[HCO3-] will ↑ 4 mmol/L per 10 mmHg ↑ in PaCO2
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