快樂小藥師 Im pharmacist nichts glücklich

Question

Should iron supplementation be continued in patients with infection?

The mix of oral bacteria differs in individuals with different risks for pneumonia, Samit Joshi, DO, MPH, a fellow in infectious diseases at the Yale School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, reported here at the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) 49th Annual Meeting.

藥師應該對幹細胞移植知道什麼呢？

經常使用阿斯匹靈與老化黃斑病變有關

Frequent use of aspirin is associated with early aging macula disorder (AMD), as well as wet late AMD, and risks for those problems appear to be linked to how often aspirin is consumed.

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) recommends restricting the use of the antiarrhythmic medication dronedarone (Multaq, Sanofi-Aventis) [1]. The committee states that because of the increased risk of liver, lung, and cardiovascular adverse events, dronedarone "should only be prescribed after alternative treatment options have been considered." Patients currently taking dronedarone should have their treatment reassessed by their physician at their next scheduled visit, the EMA reports.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved eculizumab (Soliris, Alexion Pharmaceuticals) as the first drug to treat atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), a rare and chronic blood disease that disproportionately affects children.

The European Medicines Agency has changed its recommendations for suppositories that contain terpenic derivatives. It now says that they should not be used in children younger than 30 months or in children who have experienced febrile convulsion, epilepsy, or recent anorectal lesions.

Cochrane Database Syst Rev.  2011; 9:CD006895 (ISSN: 1469-493X)

Arch Dermatol.  2011; 147(8):917-21 (ISSN: 1538-3652)

Fanelli M; Kupperman E; Lautenbach E; Edelstein PH; Margolis DJ
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 815 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104. dmargoli@cceb.med.upenn.edu.

Clinical Context

On August 10, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Complera, a combination of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) rilpivirine and the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) tenofovir and emtricitabine, for treatment of HIV infection. This combination drug results in the same blood levels as each of the 3 drugs individually, according to the findings of a bioequivalence study. Approval of Complera was based on the ECHO and THRIVE phase 3 randomized trials of rilpivirine, without performance of any new trials.

Question:

What is the optimal dose of intravenous methylprednisolone for acute asthma exacerbation?

INTRODUCTION: HIV infection is a disease associated with chronic inflammation and immune activation. Antiretroviral therapy reduces inflammation, but not to levels in comparable HIV-negative individuals. The HMG-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) inhibit several pro-inflammatory processes and suppress immune activation, and are a logical therapy to assess for a possible salutary effect on HIV disease progression and outcomes.

A new set of evidence-based guidelinesprovides an algorithm for reducing colchicine doses to prevent toxicity in patients who are also taking drugs such as cyclosporine, ketoconazole, ritonavir, clarithromycin, azithromycin, verapamil extended release (ER), or diltiazem ER. The research group was led by Robert A. Terkeltaub, MD, from the Veterans Administration San Diego Medical Center in California, and the new report appears in the August issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism.

Abstract and Introduction

Abstract

The literature suggesting a relevant interaction between acetaminophen and warfarin is inconsistent. Considering the ubiquitous use of acetaminophen, a review of the effects on international normalized ratio (INR) in patients taking warfarin was necessary. Thus, we performed a search of the PubMed (1966–November 2010) and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970–November 2010) databases to review the available literature addressing an acetaminophen-warfarin interaction and its possible mechanisms.

 The boxed warning on the labels of all tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibitors will be updated to warn about the risk for serious and sometimes fatal infection from 2 bacterial pathogens,Legionella and Listeria, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced today.

An investigational radiopharmaceutical has been found to improve survival in patients with advanced prostate cancer in a phase 3 study that is still ongoing. Only 4 other products have managed to show such a survival benefit.

Question

Which oral formulation of vitamin D is preferred: vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) or vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)?

以口服來說，維他命D2和d3哪一個好呢？

Clinical Context

Physicians generally should avoid prescribing either methylene blue or linezolid (Zyvox,Pfizer) in combination with serotonergic agents such as paroxetine or duloxetine to avoid a potential drug interaction causing a dangerous condition called serotonin syndrome, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced today.

Question:

Please clarify the use of probiotics with concomitant antibiotic therapy. I see this combination in practice and am unclear whether it has clinical benefit for preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea.